Jefferson County, located in the extreme eastern part of the eastern panhandle of West Virginia, was named for Thomas Jefferson, third president of The United States, and formed in 1801 from Berkeley County.

Bound on the north by the Potomac River, on the east by the Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers, and Loudoun County, VA, on the south by Clarke County, VA and on the west by Opequon Creek and Berkeley County, West Virginia, Jefferson County covers 212.41 square miles, varies in elevation from a low of 275 feet above sea level at Harpers Ferry to a high of 1000 feet at the top of the mountain east of the Shenandoah River, and is located about 58 miles from Washington, DC, and 67 miles from Baltimore, MD.